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Experimental evolution of specialism...

Kula, Alexander L.

Experimental evolution of specialism in a wild virus.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
書名/作者:	Experimental evolution of specialism in a wild virus.
作者:	Kula, Alexander L.
面頁冊數:	41 p.
附註:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 54-06.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International54-06(E).
標題:	Evolution & development.
標題:	Biology.
標題:	Virology.
ISBN:	9781321901771
摘要、提要註:	A pathogen's ability to successfully replicate and persist within a new host population is fraught with obstacles. While an expanded host-range allows for a greater chance at successful replication, such generalists are typically outcompeted by species which have specialized and adapted host-specific features. Although the most ubiquitous species on earth, very few bacteria-infecting viral species (bacteriophages) with truly broad host-ranges have been identified; this is partially due to the fact that only a small fraction of bacteria (and thus likely hosts) are amenable to laboratory conditions. Nevertheless, the processes of expanding as well as narrowing host-range are not well understood despite their profound importance for furthering our understanding of viral pathogens, be it bacteriophages or viral species impacting human health.
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=1593844

Experimental evolution of specialism in a wild virus.
Kula, Alexander L.

Experimental evolution of specialism in a wild virus. - 41 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 54-06.

Thesis (M.S.)--Loyola University Chicago, 2015.

A pathogen's ability to successfully replicate and persist within a new host population is fraught with obstacles. While an expanded host-range allows for a greater chance at successful replication, such generalists are typically outcompeted by species which have specialized and adapted host-specific features. Although the most ubiquitous species on earth, very few bacteria-infecting viral species (bacteriophages) with truly broad host-ranges have been identified; this is partially due to the fact that only a small fraction of bacteria (and thus likely hosts) are amenable to laboratory conditions. Nevertheless, the processes of expanding as well as narrowing host-range are not well understood despite their profound importance for furthering our understanding of viral pathogens, be it bacteriophages or viral species impacting human health.

ISBN: 9781321901771Subjects--Topical Terms:

629803
Evolution & development.

Experimental evolution of specialism in a wild virus.
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020 $a 9781321901771
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI1593844
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100 1 $a Kula, Alexander L. $3 629865
245 1 0 $a Experimental evolution of specialism in a wild virus.
300 $a 41 p.
500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 54-06.
500 $a Adviser: Catherine Putonti.
502 $a Thesis (M.S.)--Loyola University Chicago, 2015.
520 $a A pathogen's ability to successfully replicate and persist within a new host population is fraught with obstacles. While an expanded host-range allows for a greater chance at successful replication, such generalists are typically outcompeted by species which have specialized and adapted host-specific features. Although the most ubiquitous species on earth, very few bacteria-infecting viral species (bacteriophages) with truly broad host-ranges have been identified; this is partially due to the fact that only a small fraction of bacteria (and thus likely hosts) are amenable to laboratory conditions. Nevertheless, the processes of expanding as well as narrowing host-range are not well understood despite their profound importance for furthering our understanding of viral pathogens, be it bacteriophages or viral species impacting human health.
520 $a Following the successful isolation of novel bacteriophage named phiHabibi, we identified this generalist species' broad host-range, including several Enterobacteriaceae. In order to examine the cost of generalism, we propagated 30 lines of phiHabibi: 10 lines were exposed only to naive E. coli C cells, 10 lines were exposed only to naive P. aeruginosa, and 10 alternated every 16 generations between naive populations of the two (serving as a control). While no reduction in fitness was observed on either host population for the control lines, this was not the case for either of the experimental conditions. Lines propagated through E. coli C cultures were more fit in E. coli C. Likewise, lines propagated through P. aeruginosa cultures were more fit in P. aeruginosa. Moreover, specialization as well as changes in phage development, from lytic to lysogenic and pseudolysogenic, were observed as a result of restricting host diversity thus providing insight into the cost and consequences of host-range.
590 $a School code: 0112.
650 4 $a Evolution & development. $3 629803
650 4 $a Biology. $3 171887
650 4 $a Virology. $3 406388
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690 $a 0306
690 $a 0720
710 2 $a Loyola University Chicago. $b Biology. $3 629866
773 0 $t Masters Abstracts International $g 54-06(E).
790 $a 0112
791 $a M.S.
792 $a 2015
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=1593844

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