大葉大學圖書館 |

Institutional expansion: The case of grid computing.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
書名/作者:	Institutional expansion: The case of grid computing.
作者:	Kertcher, Zack.
面頁冊數:	216 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-07, Section: A, page: 2671.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International71-07A.
標題:	Information Technology.
標題:	History of Science.
標題:	Sociology, Social Structure and Development.
ISBN:	9781124048864
摘要、提要註:	Evolutionary and revolutionary approaches have dominated the study of scientific, technological and institutional change. Yet, being focused on change within a single field, these approaches have been mute about a third, pervasive process. This process is found in a variety of cases that range from open source software to the Monte Carlo method to informatics---the work of individuals and organizations to integrate knowledge, technology, organizational structures and practices across fields. The aim of this manuscript is to explore and develop theory about this third model of change, which I term "institutional expansion." The research context consists of a computer technology called grid computing and global networks of scientific innovators, firms, and adopters in a variety of fields of science and industry. Using in-depth interviews, a year-long ethnography and extensive archival analysis, I identify several mechanisms that underlie multi-field institutional expansion. Extending social network and actor-network theory, I suggest "co-linking" to be a principal mean of expansion. Striving to broaden the adoption of the technology they develop, innovators link-up with entrepreneurial adopters in fields that have generalizable problems. However, by collaborating with adopters to develop technologies that address new problems, innovators disrupt development trajectories traditionally pursued in their own field. While co-linking results in technological and institutional change, I claim that it also leads to the creation of entirely new areas of work. By conducting in-depth studies of grid development projects, I also consider the challenges facing innovators and entrepreneurial adopters who seek pervasive adoption in different fields. While current research on the diffusion of innovation suggests that innovation flows through social networks, I contend that three types of cultural and cognitive gaps hinder this process. Findings strongly indicate that collaborators utilize human, organizational and technological "adapters" to translate practices and knowledge across culturally incompatible fields and enable institutional expansion. Finally, this research seeks to explore the coordination of meaning of a meta-category, such as grid computing. Building on boundary object theory and considering the work of over 1,000 organizations that sought to develop grid standards, I suggest that, like the ancient parable of the blind men and the elephant, groups of participants were able to participate by focusing on different aspects of the grid elephant. Conflict, however, occurred when other elephants emerged in this ecology and vied for resources. I claim that these conflicts among elephants led to fundamental transformations of the studied technology.
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3408548

Institutional expansion: The case of grid computing.
Kertcher, Zack.

Institutional expansion: The case of grid computing. - 216 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-07, Section: A, page: 2671.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Chicago, 2010.

Evolutionary and revolutionary approaches have dominated the study of scientific, technological and institutional change. Yet, being focused on change within a single field, these approaches have been mute about a third, pervasive process. This process is found in a variety of cases that range from open source software to the Monte Carlo method to informatics---the work of individuals and organizations to integrate knowledge, technology, organizational structures and practices across fields. The aim of this manuscript is to explore and develop theory about this third model of change, which I term "institutional expansion." The research context consists of a computer technology called grid computing and global networks of scientific innovators, firms, and adopters in a variety of fields of science and industry. Using in-depth interviews, a year-long ethnography and extensive archival analysis, I identify several mechanisms that underlie multi-field institutional expansion. Extending social network and actor-network theory, I suggest "co-linking" to be a principal mean of expansion. Striving to broaden the adoption of the technology they develop, innovators link-up with entrepreneurial adopters in fields that have generalizable problems. However, by collaborating with adopters to develop technologies that address new problems, innovators disrupt development trajectories traditionally pursued in their own field. While co-linking results in technological and institutional change, I claim that it also leads to the creation of entirely new areas of work. By conducting in-depth studies of grid development projects, I also consider the challenges facing innovators and entrepreneurial adopters who seek pervasive adoption in different fields. While current research on the diffusion of innovation suggests that innovation flows through social networks, I contend that three types of cultural and cognitive gaps hinder this process. Findings strongly indicate that collaborators utilize human, organizational and technological "adapters" to translate practices and knowledge across culturally incompatible fields and enable institutional expansion. Finally, this research seeks to explore the coordination of meaning of a meta-category, such as grid computing. Building on boundary object theory and considering the work of over 1,000 organizations that sought to develop grid standards, I suggest that, like the ancient parable of the blind men and the elephant, groups of participants were able to participate by focusing on different aspects of the grid elephant. Conflict, however, occurred when other elephants emerged in this ecology and vied for resources. I claim that these conflicts among elephants led to fundamental transformations of the studied technology.

ISBN: 9781124048864Subjects--Topical Terms:

423447
Information Technology.

Institutional expansion: The case of grid computing.
LDR:03873nam 2200337 4500 001 345073
005 20110620110228.5
008 110817s2010 ||||||||||||||||| ||eng d
020 $a 9781124048864
035 $a (UMI)AAI3408548
035 $a AAI3408548
040 $a UMI $c UMI
100 1 $a Kertcher, Zack. $3 423537
245 1 0 $a Institutional expansion: The case of grid computing.
300 $a 216 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-07, Section: A, page: 2671.
500 $a Adviser: Andrew Abbott.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Chicago, 2010.
520 $a Evolutionary and revolutionary approaches have dominated the study of scientific, technological and institutional change. Yet, being focused on change within a single field, these approaches have been mute about a third, pervasive process. This process is found in a variety of cases that range from open source software to the Monte Carlo method to informatics---the work of individuals and organizations to integrate knowledge, technology, organizational structures and practices across fields. The aim of this manuscript is to explore and develop theory about this third model of change, which I term "institutional expansion." The research context consists of a computer technology called grid computing and global networks of scientific innovators, firms, and adopters in a variety of fields of science and industry. Using in-depth interviews, a year-long ethnography and extensive archival analysis, I identify several mechanisms that underlie multi-field institutional expansion. Extending social network and actor-network theory, I suggest "co-linking" to be a principal mean of expansion. Striving to broaden the adoption of the technology they develop, innovators link-up with entrepreneurial adopters in fields that have generalizable problems. However, by collaborating with adopters to develop technologies that address new problems, innovators disrupt development trajectories traditionally pursued in their own field. While co-linking results in technological and institutional change, I claim that it also leads to the creation of entirely new areas of work. By conducting in-depth studies of grid development projects, I also consider the challenges facing innovators and entrepreneurial adopters who seek pervasive adoption in different fields. While current research on the diffusion of innovation suggests that innovation flows through social networks, I contend that three types of cultural and cognitive gaps hinder this process. Findings strongly indicate that collaborators utilize human, organizational and technological "adapters" to translate practices and knowledge across culturally incompatible fields and enable institutional expansion. Finally, this research seeks to explore the coordination of meaning of a meta-category, such as grid computing. Building on boundary object theory and considering the work of over 1,000 organizations that sought to develop grid standards, I suggest that, like the ancient parable of the blind men and the elephant, groups of participants were able to participate by focusing on different aspects of the grid elephant. Conflict, however, occurred when other elephants emerged in this ecology and vied for resources. I claim that these conflicts among elephants led to fundamental transformations of the studied technology.
590 $a School code: 0330.
650 4 $a Information Technology. $3 423447
650 4 $a History of Science. $3 423539
650 4 $a Sociology, Social Structure and Development. $3 423329
690 $a 0489
690 $a 0585
690 $a 0700
710 2 $a The University of Chicago. $b Sociology. $3 423538
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 71-07A.
790 1 0 $a Abbott, Andrew, $e advisor
790 1 0 $a Knorr Cetina, Karin $e committee member
790 1 0 $a Evans, James A. $e committee member
790 1 0 $a Herrigel, Gary $e committee member
790 1 0 $a Garud, Raghu $e committee member
790 $a 0330
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2010
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3408548