大葉大學圖書館 |

Lithium dendrite growth through solid polymer electrolyte membranes.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
書名/作者:	Lithium dendrite growth through solid polymer electrolyte membranes.
作者:	Harry, Katherine Joann.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, , 2016
面頁冊數:	125 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-12(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International77-12B(E).
標題:	Materials science.
標題:	Chemical engineering.
ISBN:	9781369056679
摘要、提要註:	The next generation of rechargeable batteries must have significantly improved gravimetric and volumetric energy densities while maintaining a long cycle life and a low risk of catastrophic failure. Replacing the conventional graphite anode in a lithium ion battery with lithium foil increases the theoretical energy density of the battery by more than 40%. Furthermore, there is significant interest within the scientific community on new cathode chemistries, like sulfur and air, that presume the use of a lithium metal anode to achieve theoretical energy densities as high as 5217 W˙h/kg. However, lithium metal is highly unstable toward traditional liquid electrolytes like ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate. The solid electrolyte interphase that forms between lithium metal and these liquid electrolytes is brittle which causes a highly irregular current distribution at the anode, resulting in the formation of lithium metal protrusions. Ionic current concentrates at these protrusions leading to the formation of lithium dendrites that propagate through the electrolyte as the battery is charged, causing it to fail by short-circuit. The rapid release of energy during this short-circuit event can result in catastrophic cell failure.

Lithium dendrite growth through solid polymer electrolyte membranes.
Harry, Katherine Joann.

Lithium dendrite growth through solid polymer electrolyte membranes. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2016 - 125 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-12(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2016.

The next generation of rechargeable batteries must have significantly improved gravimetric and volumetric energy densities while maintaining a long cycle life and a low risk of catastrophic failure. Replacing the conventional graphite anode in a lithium ion battery with lithium foil increases the theoretical energy density of the battery by more than 40%. Furthermore, there is significant interest within the scientific community on new cathode chemistries, like sulfur and air, that presume the use of a lithium metal anode to achieve theoretical energy densities as high as 5217 W&dot;h/kg. However, lithium metal is highly unstable toward traditional liquid electrolytes like ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate. The solid electrolyte interphase that forms between lithium metal and these liquid electrolytes is brittle which causes a highly irregular current distribution at the anode, resulting in the formation of lithium metal protrusions. Ionic current concentrates at these protrusions leading to the formation of lithium dendrites that propagate through the electrolyte as the battery is charged, causing it to fail by short-circuit. The rapid release of energy during this short-circuit event can result in catastrophic cell failure.

ISBN: 9781369056679Subjects--Topical Terms:

366626
Materials science.

Lithium dendrite growth through solid polymer electrolyte membranes.
LDR:05868nmm a2200325 4500 001 476244
005 20170614101408.5
008 181208s2016 ||||||||||||||||| ||eng d
020 $a 9781369056679
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI10150902
035 $a AAI10150902
040 $a MiAaPQ $c MiAaPQ
100 1 $a Harry, Katherine Joann. $3 686831
245 1 0 $a Lithium dendrite growth through solid polymer electrolyte membranes.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2016
300 $a 125 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-12(E), Section: B.
500 $a Advisers: Nitash P. Balsara; Andrew M. Minor.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2016.
520 $a The next generation of rechargeable batteries must have significantly improved gravimetric and volumetric energy densities while maintaining a long cycle life and a low risk of catastrophic failure. Replacing the conventional graphite anode in a lithium ion battery with lithium foil increases the theoretical energy density of the battery by more than 40%. Furthermore, there is significant interest within the scientific community on new cathode chemistries, like sulfur and air, that presume the use of a lithium metal anode to achieve theoretical energy densities as high as 5217 W&dot;h/kg. However, lithium metal is highly unstable toward traditional liquid electrolytes like ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate. The solid electrolyte interphase that forms between lithium metal and these liquid electrolytes is brittle which causes a highly irregular current distribution at the anode, resulting in the formation of lithium metal protrusions. Ionic current concentrates at these protrusions leading to the formation of lithium dendrites that propagate through the electrolyte as the battery is charged, causing it to fail by short-circuit. The rapid release of energy during this short-circuit event can result in catastrophic cell failure.
520 $a Polymer electrolytes are promising alternatives to traditional liquid electrolytes because they form a stable, elastomeric interface with lithium metal. Additionally, polymer electrolytes are significantly less flammable than their liquid electrolyte counterparts. The prototypical polymer electrolyte is poly(ethylene oxide). Unfortunately, when lithium anodes are used with a poly(ethylene oxide) electrolyte, lithium dendrites still form and cause premature battery failure. Theoretically, an electrolyte with a shear modulus twice that of lithium metal could eliminate the formation of lithium dendrites entirely. While a shear modulus of this magnitude is difficult to achieve with polymer electrolytes, we can greatly enhance the modulus of our electrolytes by covalently bonding the rubbery poly(ethylene oxide) to a glassy polystyrene chain. The block copolymer phase separates into a lamellar morphology yielding co-continuous nanoscale domains of poly(ethylene oxide), for ionic conduction, and polystyrene, for mechanical rigidity. On the macroscale, the electrolyte membrane is a tough free-standing film, while on the nanoscale, ions are transported through the liquid-like poly(ethylene oxide) domains.
520 $a Little is known about the formation of lithium dendrites from stiff polymer electrolyte membranes given the experimental challenges associated with imaging lithium metal. The objective of this dissertation is to strengthen our understanding of the influence of the electrolyte modulus on the formation and growth of lithium dendrites from lithium metal anodes. This understanding will help us design electrolytes that have the potential to more fully suppress the formation of dendrites yielding high energy density batteries that operate safely and have a long cycle life.
520 $a Synchrotron hard X-ray microtomography was used to non-destructively image the interior of lithium-polymer-lithium symmetric cells cycled to various stages of life. These experiments showed that in the early stages of lithium dendrite development, the bulk of the dendritic structure was inside of the lithium electrode. Furthermore, impurity particles were found at the base of the lithium dendrites. The portion of the lithium dendrite protruding into the electrolyte increased as the cell approached the end of life. This imaging technique allowed for the first glimpse at the portion of lithium dendrites that resides inside of the lithium electrode.
520 $a After finding a robust technique to study the formation and growth of lithium dendrites, a series of experiments were performed to elucidate the influence of the electrolyte's modulus on the formation of lithium dendrites. Typically, electrochemical cells using a polystyrene -- block¬ -- poly(ethylene oxide) copolymer electrolyte are operated at 90 °C which is above the melting point of poly(ethylene oxide) and below the glass transition temperature of polystyrene. In these experiments, the formation of dendrites in cells operated at temperatures ranging from 90 °C to 120 °C were compared. The glass transition temperature of polystyrene (107 °C) is included in this range resulting in a large change in electrolyte modulus over a relatively small temperature window. The X-ray microtomography experiments showed that as the polymer electrolyte shifted from a glassy state to a rubbery state, the portion of the lithium dendrite buried inside of the lithium metal electrode decreased. These images coupled with electrochemical characterization and rheological measurements shed light on the factors that influence dendrite growth through electrolytes with viscoelastic mechanical properties. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).
590 $a School code: 0028.
650 4 $a Materials science. $3 366626
650 4 $a Chemical engineering. $3 382399
690 $a 0794
690 $a 0542
710 2 0 $a University of California, Berkeley. $b Materials Science and Engineering. $3 686832
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 77-12B(E).
790 $a 0028
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2016
793 $a English